Discurso sobre la gratificación

“Mendicants, before my awakening—when I was still unawakened but intent on awakening—I thought: ‘What’s the gratification, the drawback, and the escape when it comes to form … feeling … perception … choices … and consciousness?’

“Pubbeva me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi:*Pubbeva → pubbe (pts1ed, mr) | bodhisattasseva → bodhisattassa (pts1ed, mr) ‘ko nu kho rūpassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? Ko vedanāya assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? Ko saññāya assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? Ko saṅkhārānaṁ assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? Ko viññāṇassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇan’ti?

“Mendicants, before my awakening—when I was still unawakened but intent on awakening—I thought: “Pubbeva me, bhikkhave, sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi:*Pubbeva → pubbe (pts1ed, mr) | bodhisattasseva → bodhisattassa (pts1ed, mr)‘What’s the gratification, the drawback, and the escape when it comes to form … ‘ko nu kho rūpassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? feeling … Ko vedanāya assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? perception … Ko saññāya assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? choices … Ko saṅkhārānaṁ assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇaṁ? and consciousness?’ Ko viññāṇassa assādo, ko ādīnavo, kiṁ nissaraṇan’ti?

Then it occurred to me: ‘The pleasure and happiness that arise from form: this is its gratification. That form is impermanent, suffering, and perishable: this is its drawback. Removing and giving up desire and greed for form: this is its escape. The pleasure and happiness that arise from feeling … perception … choices … consciousness: this is its gratification. That consciousness is impermanent, suffering, and perishable: this is its drawback. Removing and giving up desire and greed for consciousness: this is its escape.’

Tassa mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, etadahosi: ‘yaṁ kho rūpaṁ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ rūpassa assādo. Yaṁ rūpaṁ aniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, ayaṁ rūpassa ādīnavo. Yo rūpasmiṁ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ rūpassa nissaraṇaṁ. Yaṁ vedanaṁ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ vedanāya assādo. Yaṁ vedanāvedanāTonalidad de la experiencia nacida del contacto (phassa). Hay tres tipos: agradable, desagradable o ni agradable ni desagradable. Como uno de los cinco khandhas, vedanā designa el modo en que una experiencia se siente en términos de placer, dolor o neutralidad, sin ser todavía emoción elaborada. Ver khandha y phassa.Ver en el glosario aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṁ vedanāya ādīnavo.*Yaṁ → yā (mr) Yo vedanāya chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ vedanāya nissaraṇaṁ. Yaṁ saññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati …pe… yaṁ saṅkhāre paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ assādo. Yaṁ saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ ādīnavo.*Yaṁ → ye (bj, sya-all, mr) Yo saṅkhāresu chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ nissaraṇaṁ. Yaṁ viññāṇaṁ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ viññāṇassa assādo. Yaṁ viññāṇaṁ aniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, ayaṁ viññāṇassa ādīnavo. Yo viññāṇasmiṁ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṁ’.

Then it occurred to me: Tassa mayhaṁ, bhikkhave, etadahosi: ‘The pleasure and happiness that arise from form: this is its gratification. ‘yaṁ kho rūpaṁ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ rūpassa assādo. That form is impermanent, suffering, and perishable: this is its drawback. Yaṁ rūpaṁ aniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, ayaṁ rūpassa ādīnavo. Removing and giving up desire and greed for form: this is its escape. Yo rūpasmiṁ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ rūpassa nissaraṇaṁ. The pleasure and happiness that arise from feeling … Yaṁ vedanaṁ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ vedanāya assādo. Yaṁ vedanāvedanāTonalidad de la experiencia nacida del contacto (phassa). Hay tres tipos: agradable, desagradable o ni agradable ni desagradable. Como uno de los cinco khandhas, vedanā designa el modo en que una experiencia se siente en términos de placer, dolor o neutralidad, sin ser todavía emoción elaborada. Ver khandha y phassa.Ver en el glosario aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṁ vedanāya ādīnavo.*Yaṁ → yā (mr)Yo vedanāya chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ vedanāya nissaraṇaṁ. perception … Yaṁ saññaṁ paṭicca uppajjati …pe… choices … yaṁ saṅkhāre paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ assādo. Yaṁ saṅkhārā aniccā dukkhā vipariṇāmadhammā, ayaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ ādīnavo.*Yaṁ → ye (bj, sya-all, mr)Yo saṅkhāresu chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ saṅkhārānaṁ nissaraṇaṁ. consciousness: this is its gratification. Yaṁ viññāṇaṁ paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṁ somanassaṁ, ayaṁ viññāṇassa assādo. That consciousness is impermanent, suffering, and perishable: this is its drawback. Yaṁ viññāṇaṁ aniccaṁ dukkhaṁ vipariṇāmadhammaṁ, ayaṁ viññāṇassa ādīnavo. Removing and giving up desire and greed for consciousness: this is its escape.’ Yo viññāṇasmiṁ chandarāgavinayo chandarāgappahānaṁ, idaṁ viññāṇassa nissaraṇaṁ’.

But when I did truly understand these five grasping aggregates’ gratification, drawback, and escape in this way for what they are, I announced my supreme perfect awakening in this world with its gods, Māras, and Divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, its gods and humans.

Yato ca khvāhaṁ, bhikkhave, imesaṁ pañcannaṁ upādānakkhandhānaṁ evaṁ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ; athāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṁ sammāsambodhiṁ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṁ.

But when I did truly understand these five grasping aggregates’ gratification, drawback, and escape in this way for what they are, I announced my supreme perfect awakening in this world with its gods, Māras, and Divinities, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, its gods and humans. Yato ca khvāhaṁ, bhikkhave, imesaṁ pañcannaṁ upādānakkhandhānaṁ evaṁ assādañca assādato ādīnavañca ādīnavato nissaraṇañca nissaraṇato yathābhūtaṁ abbhaññāsiṁ; athāhaṁ, bhikkhave, sadevake loke samārake sabrahmake sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya anuttaraṁ sammāsambodhiṁ abhisambuddhoti paccaññāsiṁ.

Knowledge and vision arose in me: ‘My freedom is unshakable; this is my last rebirth; now there’ll be no more future lives.’”

Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṁ udapādi: ‘akuppā me vimuttivimuttiLos suttas distinguen entre dos tipos de liberación. La liberación por sabiduría (paññā-vimutti) describe la mente del arahant, que está libre de contaminantes (āsava). La liberación de la mente (ceto-vimutti) se usa para describir o bien la supresión sostenida de las impurezas (kilesa) durante la práctica de jhāna y los cuatro brahma-vihāras, o el estado de libertad de la mente del arahant.Ver en el glosario; ayamantimā jāti; natthi dāni punabbhavo’”ti.*vimutti → cetovimutti (bj, pts1ed, mr)

Knowledge and vision arose in me: Ñāṇañca pana me dassanaṁ udapādi: ‘My freedom is unshakable; this is my last rebirth; now there’ll be no more future lives.’” ‘akuppā me vimuttivimuttiLos suttas distinguen entre dos tipos de liberación. La liberación por sabiduría (paññā-vimutti) describe la mente del arahant, que está libre de contaminantes (āsava). La liberación de la mente (ceto-vimutti) se usa para describir o bien la supresión sostenida de las impurezas (kilesa) durante la práctica de jhāna y los cuatro brahma-vihāras, o el estado de libertad de la mente del arahant.Ver en el glosario; ayamantimā jāti; natthi dāni punabbhavo’”ti.*vimutti → cetovimutti (bj, pts1ed, mr)