Downfalls

“We ask Gotama*Several of the examples are gendered so I use “man”.about a man’s downfall. We have come to ask you, sir:*Accept variant bhavantaṁ in this and similar passages. Bhagavantaṁ is hypermetrical.what leads to downfall?”

“Parābhavantaṁ purisaṁ, mayaṁ pucchāma gotama;*gotama → gotamaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts-vp-pli1)Bhavantaṁ puṭṭhumāgamma,*Bhavantaṁ → bhagavantaṁ (sya2ed, pts-vp-pli1, csp1ed)kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We ask Gotama*Several of the examples are gendered so I use “man”.“Parābhavantaṁ purisaṁ, about a man’s downfall. mayaṁ pucchāma gotama;*gotama → gotamaṁ (bj, sya-all, pts-vp-pli1)We have come to ask you, sir:*Accept variant bhavantaṁ in this and similar passages. Bhagavantaṁ is hypermetrical.Bhavantaṁ puṭṭhumāgamma,*Bhavantaṁ → bhagavantaṁ (sya2ed, pts-vp-pli1, csp1ed)what leads to downfall?” kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“It’s easy to understand success,*For “easy to understand” (suvijāna) cf. Rig Veda 7.104.12 and durvijñāna at Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 11.5.5.13.understanding downfall is just as easy. One who loves the teaching succeeds,*Dhammakāmo is apparently always used in this sense.but a hater of the teaching meets their downfall.”

“Suvijāno bhavaṁ hoti, suvijāno parābhavo;*suvijāno → duvijāno (sya-all, mr)Dhammakāmo bhavaṁ hoti, dhammadessī parābhavo”.

“It’s easy to understand success,*For “easy to understand” (suvijāna) cf. Rig Veda 7.104.12 and durvijñāna at Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa 11.5.5.13.“Suvijāno bhavaṁ hoti, understanding downfall is just as easy. suvijāno parābhavo;*suvijāno → duvijāno (sya-all, mr)One who loves the teaching succeeds,*Dhammakāmo is apparently always used in this sense.Dhammakāmo bhavaṁ hoti, but a hater of the teaching meets their downfall.” dhammadessī parābhavo”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the first downfall. Tell us the second, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, paṭhamo so parābhavo; Dutiyaṁ bhagavā brūhi, kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the first downfall. paṭhamo so parābhavo; Tell us the second, Blessed One: Dutiyaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“The bad are dear to him, he has no love for the good. He believes the teaching of the bad; and that leads to his downfall.”

“Asantassa piyā honti, sante na kurute piyaṁ; Asataṁ dhammaṁ roceti, taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“The bad are dear to him, “Asantassa piyā honti, he has no love for the good. sante na kurute piyaṁ; He believes the teaching of the bad; Asataṁ dhammaṁ roceti, and that leads to his downfall.” taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the second downfall. Tell us the third, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, dutiyo so parābhavo; Tatiyaṁ bhagavā brūhi, kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the second downfall. dutiyo so parābhavo; Tell us the third, Blessed One: Tatiyaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Fond of sleep, fond of company, a man who does no work; he’s lazy, marked by anger, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Niddāsīlī sabhāsīlī, anuṭṭhātā ca yo naro; Alaso kodhapaññāṇo, taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Fond of sleep, fond of company, “Niddāsīlī sabhāsīlī, a man who does no work; anuṭṭhātā ca yo naro; he’s lazy, marked by anger, Alaso kodhapaññāṇo, and that leads to his downfall.” taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the third downfall. Tell us the fourth, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, tatiyo so parābhavo; Catutthaṁ bhagavā brūhi, kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the third downfall. tatiyo so parābhavo; Tell us the fourth, Blessed One: Catutthaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Though able, he does not look after his mother and father when elderly, past their prime, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Yo mātaraṁ pitaraṁ vā,*mātaraṁ → yo mātaraṁ vā (bj, sya-all, km, pts-vp-pli1)jiṇṇakaṁ gatayobbanaṁ; Pahu santo na bharati, taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Though able, he does not look after “Yo mātaraṁ pitaraṁ vā,*mātaraṁ → yo mātaraṁ vā (bj, sya-all, km, pts-vp-pli1)his mother and father jiṇṇakaṁ gatayobbanaṁ; when elderly, past their prime, Pahu santo na bharati, and that leads to his downfall.” taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the fourth downfall. Tell us the fifth, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, catuttho so parābhavo; Pañcamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the fourth downfall. catuttho so parābhavo; Tell us the fifth, Blessed One: Pañcamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“He deceives with lies ascetics and brahmins and other supplicants, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Yo brāhmaṇaṁ samaṇaṁ vā,*brāhmaṇaṁ → yo brāhmaṇaṁ vā (bj, sya-all, km, pts-vp-pli1)Aññaṁ vāpi vanibbakaṁ; Musāvādena vañceti, Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“He deceives with lies “Yo brāhmaṇaṁ samaṇaṁ vā,*brāhmaṇaṁ → yo brāhmaṇaṁ vā (bj, sya-all, km, pts-vp-pli1)ascetics and brahmins Aññaṁ vāpi vanibbakaṁ; and other supplicants, Musāvādena vañceti, and that leads to his downfall.” Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the fifth downfall. Tell us the sixth, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, Pañcamo so parābhavo; Chaṭṭhamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the fifth downfall. Pañcamo so parābhavo; Tell us the sixth, Blessed One: Chaṭṭhamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“A man with plenty of wealth, including gold coin and food, eats delicacies alone, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Pahūtavitto puriso, Sahirañño sabhojano; Eko bhuñjati sādūni, Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“A man with plenty of wealth, “Pahūtavitto puriso, including gold coin and food, Sahirañño sabhojano; eats delicacies alone, Eko bhuñjati sādūni, and that leads to his downfall.” Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the sixth downfall. Tell us the seventh, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, Chaṭṭhamo so parābhavo; Sattamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the sixth downfall. Chaṭṭhamo so parābhavo; Tell us the seventh, Blessed One: Sattamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Vain of birth, wealth, and clan, a man looks down on his own family, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Jātitthaddho dhanatthaddho, Gottatthaddho ca yo naro; Saññātiṁ atimaññeti, Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Vain of birth, wealth, “Jātitthaddho dhanatthaddho, and clan, a man Gottatthaddho ca yo naro; looks down on his own family, Saññātiṁ atimaññeti, and that leads to his downfall.” Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the seventh downfall. Tell us the eighth, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, Sattamo so parābhavo; Aṭṭhamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the seventh downfall. Sattamo so parābhavo; Tell us the eighth, Blessed One: Aṭṭhamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“In womanizing, drinking, and gambling, a man wastes all that he has earned, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Itthidhutto surādhutto, Akkhadhutto ca yo naro; Laddhaṁ laddhaṁ vināseti, Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“In womanizing, drinking, “Itthidhutto surādhutto, and gambling, a man Akkhadhutto ca yo naro; wastes all that he has earned, Laddhaṁ laddhaṁ vināseti, and that leads to his downfall.” Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the eighth downfall. Tell us the ninth, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, Aṭṭhamo so parābhavo; Navamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the eighth downfall. Aṭṭhamo so parābhavo; Tell us the ninth, Blessed One: Navamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Not content with his own partners, he debauches himself with prostitutes,*Both Norman and Bodhi read dissati, I read dussati. The Buddha, after all, was “seen” with prostitutes.and with others’ partners, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Sehi dārehi asantuṭṭho,*dārehi asantuṭṭho → dārehyasantuṭṭho (bj, mr)Vesiyāsu padussati;*padussati → padissati (bj, pts-vp-pli1)Dussati paradāresu,*Dussati → dissati (bj, pts-vp-pli1)Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“Not content with his own partners, “Sehi dārehi asantuṭṭho,*dārehi asantuṭṭho → dārehyasantuṭṭho (bj, mr)he debauches himself with prostitutes,*Both Norman and Bodhi read dissati, I read dussati. The Buddha, after all, was “seen” with prostitutes.Vesiyāsu padussati;*padussati → padissati (bj, pts-vp-pli1)and with others’ partners, Dussati paradāresu,*Dussati → dissati (bj, pts-vp-pli1)and that leads to his downfall.” Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the ninth downfall. Tell us the tenth, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, Navamo so parābhavo; Dasamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the ninth downfall. Navamo so parābhavo; Tell us the tenth, Blessed One: Dasamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“A man well past his prime marries a girl with budding breasts; he cannot sleep for jealousy, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Atītayobbano poso, Āneti timbarutthaniṁ; Tassā issā na supati, Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“A man well past his prime “Atītayobbano poso, marries a girl with budding breasts; Āneti timbarutthaniṁ; he cannot sleep for jealousy, Tassā issā na supati, and that leads to his downfall.” Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the tenth downfall. Tell us the eleventh, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, Dasamo so parābhavo; Ekādasamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the tenth downfall. Dasamo so parābhavo; Tell us the eleventh, Blessed One: Ekādasamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“He places in authority a woman or a man who’s a drunkard and a wastrel, and that leads to his downfall.”

“Itthiṁ soṇḍiṁ vikiraṇiṁ, Purisaṁ vāpi tādisaṁ; Issariyasmiṁ ṭhapeti,*ṭhapeti → ṭhāpeti (bj, pts-vp-pli1); thapeti (mr)Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“He places in authority “Itthiṁ soṇḍiṁ vikiraṇiṁ, a woman or a man Purisaṁ vāpi tādisaṁ; who’s a drunkard and a wastrel, Issariyasmiṁ ṭhapeti,*ṭhapeti → ṭhāpeti (bj, pts-vp-pli1); thapeti (mr)and that leads to his downfall.” Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, this is the eleventh downfall. Tell us the twelfth, Blessed One: what leads to downfall?”

“Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, Ekādasamo so parābhavo; Dvādasamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“We understand what you’re saying, “Iti hetaṁ vijānāma, this is the eleventh downfall. Ekādasamo so parābhavo; Tell us the twelfth, Blessed One: Dvādasamaṁ bhagavā brūhi, what leads to downfall?” Kiṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ”.

“A man of little wealth and strong craving, born into an aristocratic family, sets his sights on kingship, and that leads to his downfall.

“Appabhogo mahātaṇho, Khattiye jāyate kule; So ca rajjaṁ patthayati, Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ.

“A man of little wealth and strong craving, “Appabhogo mahātaṇho, born into an aristocratic family, Khattiye jāyate kule; sets his sights on kingship, So ca rajjaṁ patthayati, and that leads to his downfall. Taṁ parābhavato mukhaṁ.

Seeing these downfalls in the world, an astute and noble person, accomplished in vision, will enjoy a world of grace.”

Ete parābhave loke, Paṇḍito samavekkhiya; Ariyo dassanasampanno, Sa lokaṁ bhajate sivan”ti.

Seeing these downfalls in the world, Ete parābhave loke, an astute and noble person, Paṇḍito samavekkhiya; accomplished in vision, Ariyo dassanasampanno, will enjoy a world of grace.” Sa lokaṁ bhajate sivan”ti.