With Mahānāma the Sakyan

So I have heard.At one time the BuddhaBuddhaEl nombre dado a quien redescubre por sí mismo el sendero liberador del Dhamma, tras un largo período de haber sido olvidado por el mundo. Según la tradición, una larga línea de Buddhas se extiende hasta el pasado distante. El Buddha más reciente nació como Siddhattha Gotama en la India alrededor del año 500 a.e.c. Un joven bien educado y acomodado, renunció a su familia y su herencia principesca en la flor de la vida para buscar la verdadera libertad y el fin del sufrimiento (dukkha). Después de siete años de austeridades en el bosque, redescubrió el «camino medio» y alcanzó su meta, convirtiéndose en el Buddha.Ver en el glosario was staying in the land of the Sakyans, near Kapilavatthu in the Banyan Tree Monastery.Now at that time the Buddha had recently recovered from an illness.Then Mahānāma the Sakyan went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:

Evaṁ me sutaṁ—ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṁ nigrodhārāme. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. *gilānā vuṭṭhito → gilānavuṭṭhito (saddanīti)Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

So I have heard.Evaṁ me sutaṁ—At one time the Buddha was staying in the land of the Sakyans, near Kapilavatthu in the Banyan Tree Monastery.ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā sakkesu viharati kapilavatthusmiṁ nigrodhārāme. Now at that time the Buddha had recently recovered from an illness.Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā gilānā vuṭṭhito hoti aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. *gilānā vuṭṭhito → gilānavuṭṭhito (saddanīti)Then Mahānāma the Sakyan went up to the Buddha, bowed, sat down to one side, and said to him:Atha kho mahānāmo sakko yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:

“For a long time, sir, I have understood your teaching like this:‘Knowledge is for those with immersion, not those without immersion.’But, sir, does immersion come first, then knowledge?Or does knowledge come first, then immersion?”

“dīgharattāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi: ‘samāhitassa ñāṇaṁ, no asamāhitassā’ti. Samādhi nu kho, bhante, pubbe, pacchā ñāṇaṁ; udāhu ñāṇaṁ pubbe, pacchā samādhī”ti?

“For a long time, sir, I have understood your teaching like this:“dīgharattāhaṁ, bhante, bhagavatā evaṁ dhammaṁ desitaṁ ājānāmi: ‘Knowledge is for those with immersion, not those without immersion.’‘samāhitassa ñāṇaṁ, no asamāhitassā’ti. But, sir, does immersion come first, then knowledge?Samādhi nu kho, bhante, pubbe, pacchā ñāṇaṁ; Or does knowledge come first, then immersion?”udāhu ñāṇaṁ pubbe, pacchā samādhī”ti?

Then Venerable Ānanda thought,“The Buddha has recently recovered from an illness,and this Mahānāma asks him a question that’s too deep.Why don’t I take him off to one side and teach him the DhammaDhamma1. Fenómeno; cualquier cosa que ocurre y es cognoscible. 2. Fenómeno mental, «pensamiento». 3. Principio, especialmente los principios de causalidad. 4. Doctrina, enseñanza. También, principios de comportamiento que los seres humanos deben seguir para armonizar con el orden natural correcto de las cosas; cualidades mentales que deben desarrollar para realizar la cualidad inherente de la mente en sí misma. Por extensión, «Dhamma» (usualmente en mayúscula) se usa también para denotar cualquier doctrina que enseña tales cosas. Así, el Dhamma del Buddha denota tanto sus enseñanzas como las realidades descritas por esa enseñanza. (Sánscrito: dharma)Ver en el glosario?”

Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi: “bhagavā kho gilānavuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. Ayañca mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṁ atigambhīraṁ pañhaṁ pucchati. Yannūnāhaṁ mahānāmaṁ sakkaṁ ekamantaṁ apanetvā dhammaṁ deseyyan”ti.

Then Venerable Ānanda thought,Atha kho āyasmato ānandassa etadahosi: “The Buddha has recently recovered from an illness,“bhagavā kho gilānavuṭṭhito aciravuṭṭhito gelaññā. and this Mahānāma asks him a question that’s too deep.Ayañca mahānāmo sakko bhagavantaṁ atigambhīraṁ pañhaṁ pucchati. Why don’t I take him off to one side and teach him the Dhamma?”Yannūnāhaṁ mahānāmaṁ sakkaṁ ekamantaṁ apanetvā dhammaṁ deseyyan”ti.

Then Ānanda took Mahānāma by the arm, led him off to one side, and said to him,“Mahānāma, the Buddha has spoken of the ethics, immersion, and wisdom of a trainee; and the ethics, immersion, and wisdom of an adept.What is the ethics of a trainee?It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and resorting for alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken.This is called the ethics of a trainee.

Atha kho āyasmā ānando mahānāmaṁ sakkaṁ bāhāyaṁ gahetvā ekamantaṁ apanetvā mahānāmaṁ sakkaṁ etadavoca: “sekhampi kho, mahānāma, sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā, asekhampi sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā; sekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā, asekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā; sekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā, asekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā. Katamañca, mahānāma, sekhaṁ sīlaṁ? Idha, mahānāma, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. Idaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekhaṁ sīlaṁ.

Then Ānanda took Mahānāma by the arm, led him off to one side, and said to him,Atha kho āyasmā ānando mahānāmaṁ sakkaṁ bāhāyaṁ gahetvā ekamantaṁ apanetvā mahānāmaṁ sakkaṁ etadavoca: “Mahānāma, the Buddha has spoken of the ethics, immersion, and wisdom of a trainee; and the ethics, immersion, and wisdom of an adept.“sekhampi kho, mahānāma, sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā, asekhampi sīlaṁ vuttaṁ bhagavatā; sekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā, asekhopi samādhi vutto bhagavatā; sekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā, asekhāpi paññā vuttā bhagavatā. What is the ethics of a trainee?Katamañca, mahānāma, sekhaṁ sīlaṁ? It’s when a mendicant is ethical, restrained in the monastic code, conducting themselves well and resorting for alms in suitable places. Seeing danger in the slightest fault, they keep the rules they’ve undertaken.Idha, mahānāma, bhikkhu sīlavā hoti pātimokkhasaṁvarasaṁvuto viharati …pe… samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu. This is called the ethics of a trainee.Idaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekhaṁ sīlaṁ.

And what is the immersion of a trainee?It’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption … second absorption … third absorption … fourth absorption.This is called the immersion of a trainee.

Katamo ca, mahānāma, sekho samādhi? Idha, mahānāma, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi …pe… catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati. Ayaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekho samādhi.

And what is the immersion of a trainee?Katamo ca, mahānāma, sekho samādhi? It’s when a mendicant, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first absorption … second absorption … third absorption … fourth absorption.Idha, mahānāma, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi …pe… catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati. This is called the immersion of a trainee.Ayaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekho samādhi.

And what is the wisdom of a trainee?They truly understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering’.This is called the wisdom of a trainee.

Katamā ca, mahānāma, sekhā paññā? Idha, mahānāma, bhikkhu ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti. Ayaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekhā paññā.

And what is the wisdom of a trainee?Katamā ca, mahānāma, sekhā paññā? They truly understand: ‘This is suffering’ … ‘This is the origin of suffering’ … ‘This is the cessation of suffering’ … ‘This is the practice that leads to the cessation of suffering’.Idha, mahānāma, bhikkhu ‘idaṁ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṁ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṁ pajānāti. This is called the wisdom of a trainee.Ayaṁ vuccati, mahānāma, sekhā paññā.