PTS cs 19 ‘Venerable Nāgasena, the Tathāgata said:
“Brahman! why do you ask an unconscious thing,
Which cannot hear you, how it does to-day?
Active, intelligent, and full of life,
How can you speak to this so senseless thing—
This wild Palāsa tree ?”
PTS vp Pali 173 And on the other hand he said:
“And thus the Aspen tree then made reply:
’I, Bhāradvāja, can speak too. Listen to me.’”
‘Now if, Nāgasena, a tree is an unconscious thing, it must be false that the Aspen tree spoke to Bhāradvāja. But if that is true, it must be false to say that a tree is unconscious. This too is a double-edged problem now put to you, and you have to solve it.’
PTS cs 20 The Master said, O king, that a tree is unconscious. And the Aspen tree conversed with Bhāradvāja. But that last is said, O king, by a common form of speech. For though a tree being unconscious cannot talk, yet the word “tree” is used PTS vp En 242 as a designation of the dryad who dwells therein, and in that sense that “the tree talks” is a well-known expression. just, O king, as a waggon laden with corn is called a corn-waggon. But it is not made of corn, it is made of wood, yet because of the corn being heaped up in it the people use the expression “corn-waggon.” Or just, O king, as when a man is churning sour milk the common expression is that he is churning butter. But it is not butter that he is churning, but milk. Or just, O king, as when a man is making something that does not exist the common expression is that he is making that thing which all the while as yet is not, PTS vp Pali 174 but people talk of the work as accomplished before it is done. And the Tathāgata, when expounding the Dhamma, does so by means of the phraseology which is in common use among the people.’
‘Very good, Nāgasena! That is so, and I accept it as you say.’
Here ends the dilemma as to the talking tree.
5. Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañha
5. Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañha
5. Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañha
“Bhante nāgasena, bhāsitampetaṁ tathāgatena—
“Bhante nāgasena, bhāsitampetaṁ tathāgatena—
“Bhante nāgasena, bhāsitampetaṁ tathāgatena—
‘Acetanaṁ brāhmaṇa assuṇantaṁ, Jāno ajānantamimaṁ palāsaṁ; Āraddhavīriyo dhuvaṁ appamatto, Sukhaseyyaṁ pucchasi kissa hetūti.
‘Acetanaṁ brāhmaṇa assuṇantaṁ,
Jāno ajānantamimaṁ palāsaṁ;
Āraddhavīriyo dhuvaṁ appamatto,
Sukhaseyyaṁ pucchasi kissa hetūti.
‘Acetanaṁ brāhmaṇa assuṇantaṁ, Jāno ajānantamimaṁ palāsaṁ; Āraddhavīriyo dhuvaṁ appamatto, Sukhaseyyaṁ pucchasi kissa hetūti.
Puna ca bhaṇitaṁ—
Puna ca bhaṇitaṁ—
Iti phandanarukkhopi, tāvade ajjhabhāsatha; Mayhampi vacanaṁ atthi, bhāradvāja suṇohi me’ti.
Iti phandanarukkhopi, tāvade ajjhabhāsatha; Mayhampi vacanaṁ atthi, bhāradvāja suṇohi me’ti.
Yadi, bhante nāgasena, rukkho acetano, tena hi phandanena rukkhena bhāradvājena saha sallapitanti yaṁ vacanaṁ, taṁ micchā. Yadi phandanena rukkhena bhāradvājena saddhiṁ sallapitaṁ, tena hi rukkho acetanoti tampi vacanaṁ micchā. Ayampi ubhato koṭiko pañho tavānuppatto, so tayā nibbāhitabbo”ti.
Yadi, bhante nāgasena, rukkho acetano, tena hi phandanena rukkhena bhāradvājena saha sallapitanti yaṁ vacanaṁ, taṁ micchā.
Yadi phandanena rukkhena bhāradvājena saddhiṁ sallapitaṁ, tena hi rukkho acetanoti tampi vacanaṁ micchā.
Ayampi ubhato koṭiko pañho tavānuppatto, so tayā nibbāhitabbo”ti.
Yadi, bhante nāgasena, rukkho acetano, tena hi phandanena rukkhena bhāradvājena saha sallapitanti yaṁ vacanaṁ, taṁ micchā. Yadi phandanena rukkhena bhāradvājena saddhiṁ sallapitaṁ, tena hi rukkho acetanoti tampi vacanaṁ micchā. Ayampi ubhato koṭiko pañho tavānuppatto, so tayā nibbāhitabbo”ti.
“Bhāsitampetaṁ, mahārāja, bhagavatā ‘rukkho acetano’ti, phandanena ca rukkhena bhāradvājena saddhiṁ sallapitaṁ, tañca pana vacanaṁ lokasamaññāya bhaṇitaṁ. Natthi, mahārāja, acetanassa rukkhassa sallāpo nāma, api ca, mahārāja, tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthāya devatāyetaṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti, yathā, mahārāja, sakaṭaṁ dhaññassa paripūritaṁ dhaññasakaṭanti jano voharati, na ca taṁ dhaññamayaṁ sakaṭaṁ, rukkhamayaṁ sakaṭaṁ, tasmiṁ sakaṭe dhaññassa pana ākiritattā dhaññasakaṭanti jano voharati; evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano, yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti.
“Bhāsitampetaṁ, mahārāja, bhagavatā ‘rukkho acetano’ti, phandanena ca rukkhena bhāradvājena saddhiṁ sallapitaṁ, tañca pana vacanaṁ lokasamaññāya bhaṇitaṁ.
Natthi, mahārāja, acetanassa rukkhassa sallāpo nāma, api ca, mahārāja, tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthāya devatāyetaṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti, yathā, mahārāja, sakaṭaṁ dhaññassa paripūritaṁ dhaññasakaṭanti jano voharati, na ca taṁ dhaññamayaṁ sakaṭaṁ, rukkhamayaṁ sakaṭaṁ, tasmiṁ sakaṭe dhaññassa pana ākiritattā dhaññasakaṭanti jano voharati;
evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano, yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti.
“Bhāsitampetaṁ, mahārāja, bhagavatā ‘rukkho acetano’ti, phandanena ca rukkhena bhāradvājena saddhiṁ sallapitaṁ, tañca pana vacanaṁ lokasamaññāya bhaṇitaṁ. Natthi, mahārāja, acetanassa rukkhassa sallāpo nāma, api ca, mahārāja, tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthāya devatāyetaṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti, yathā, mahārāja, sakaṭaṁ dhaññassa paripūritaṁ dhaññasakaṭanti jano voharati, na ca taṁ dhaññamayaṁ sakaṭaṁ, rukkhamayaṁ sakaṭaṁ, tasmiṁ sakaṭe dhaññassa pana ākiritattā dhaññasakaṭanti jano voharati; evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano, yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti.
Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, dadhiṁ manthayamāno takkaṁ manthemīti voharati, na taṁ takkaṁ, yaṁ so mantheti, dadhiṁyeva so manthento takkaṁ manthemīti voharati; evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano. Yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti.
Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, dadhiṁ manthayamāno takkaṁ manthemīti voharati, na taṁ takkaṁ, yaṁ so mantheti, dadhiṁyeva so manthento takkaṁ manthemīti voharati;
evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano.
Yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti.
Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, dadhiṁ manthayamāno takkaṁ manthemīti voharati, na taṁ takkaṁ, yaṁ so mantheti, dadhiṁyeva so manthento takkaṁ manthemīti voharati; evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano. Yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti.
Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, asantaṁ sādhetukāmo santaṁ sādhemīti voharati, asiddhaṁ siddhanti voharati, evamesā lokasamaññā; evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano. Yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti, yāya, mahārāja, lokasamaññāya jano voharati, tathāgatopi tāyeva lokasamaññāya sattānaṁ dhammaṁ desetī”ti. “Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, evametaṁ tathā sampaṭicchāmī”ti.
Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, asantaṁ sādhetukāmo santaṁ sādhemīti voharati, asiddhaṁ siddhanti voharati, evamesā lokasamaññā;
evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano.
Yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti, yāya, mahārāja, lokasamaññāya jano voharati, tathāgatopi tāyeva lokasamaññāya sattānaṁ dhammaṁ desetī”ti.
“Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, evametaṁ tathā sampaṭicchāmī”ti.
Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, asantaṁ sādhetukāmo santaṁ sādhemīti voharati, asiddhaṁ siddhanti voharati, evamesā lokasamaññā; evameva kho, mahārāja, na rukkho sallapati, rukkho acetano. Yā pana tasmiṁ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā, tassāyeva taṁ adhivacanaṁ rukkhoti, rukkho sallapatīti cesā lokapaṇṇatti, yāya, mahārāja, lokasamaññāya jano voharati, tathāgatopi tāyeva lokasamaññāya sattānaṁ dhammaṁ desetī”ti. “Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, evametaṁ tathā sampaṭicchāmī”ti.
Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañho pañcamo. *Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañho → rukkhācetanābhāvapañho (bj); rukkhānaṁ acetanapañho (maku)
Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañho pañcamo. *Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañho → rukkhācetanābhāvapañho (bj); rukkhānaṁ acetanapañho (maku)
Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañho pañcamo. *Rukkhaacetanābhāvapañho → rukkhācetanābhāvapañho (bj); rukkhānaṁ acetanapañho (maku)