With Dhammika

“I ask you, Gotama, whose wisdom is vast:what does one do to become a good disciple,both one who has left the home,and the lay followers staying at home?

“Pucchāmi taṁ gotama bhūripañña, Kathaṅkaro sāvako sādhu hoti; Yo vā agārā anagārameti, Agārino vā panupāsakāse.

“I ask you, Gotama, whose wisdom is vast:“Pucchāmi taṁ gotama bhūripañña, what does one do to become a good disciple,Kathaṅkaro sāvako sādhu hoti; both one who has left the home,Yo vā agārā anagārameti, and the lay followers staying at home?Agārino vā panupāsakāse.

For you understand the course and destinyof the world with all its gods.There is no equal to you who sees the subtle meaning,for you are the Buddha most excellent, they say.

Tuvañhi lokassa sadevakassa, Gatiṁ pajānāsi parāyaṇañca; Na catthi tulyo nipuṇatthadassī, Tuvañhi buddhaṁ pavaraṁ vadanti.

For you understand the course and destinyTuvañhi lokassa sadevakassa, of the world with all its gods.Gatiṁ pajānāsi parāyaṇañca; There is no equal to you who sees the subtle meaning,Na catthi tulyo nipuṇatthadassī, for you are the Buddha most excellent, they say.Tuvañhi buddhaṁ pavaraṁ vadanti.

Having experienced all knowledge,you explain the teaching out of sympathy for beings.All-seer, you have cast off the veil,and immaculate, you shine on the whole world.

Sabbaṁ tuvaṁ ñāṇamavecca dhammaṁ, Pakāsesi satte anukampamāno; Vivaṭṭacchadosi samantacakkhu, Virocasi vimalo sabbaloke.

Having experienced all knowledge,Sabbaṁ tuvaṁ ñāṇamavecca dhammaṁ, you explain the teaching out of sympathy for beings.Pakāsesi satte anukampamāno; All-seer, you have cast off the veil,Vivaṭṭacchadosi samantacakkhu, and immaculate, you shine on the whole world.Virocasi vimalo sabbaloke.

The dragon king Erāvaṇa, <j>hearing you called ‘Victor’,*At DN 20:11.7 Erāvaṇa is clearly a dragon, but later tradition depicted him as a great elephant, the mount of Sakka.came into your presence.He consulted with you then, <j>having heard your words,left consoled, saying ‘Excellent!’

Āgañchi te santike nāgarājā, Erāvaṇo nāma jinoti sutvā; Sopi tayā mantayitvājjhagamā, Sādhūti sutvāna patītarūpo.

The dragon king Erāvaṇa, <j>hearing you called ‘Victor’,*At DN 20:11.7 Erāvaṇa is clearly a dragon, but later tradition depicted him as a great elephant, the mount of Sakka.Āgañchi te santike nāgarājā, came into your presence.Erāvaṇo nāma jinoti sutvā; He consulted with you then, <j>having heard your words,Sopi tayā mantayitvājjhagamā, left consoled, saying ‘Excellent!’Sādhūti sutvāna patītarūpo.

And King Kuvera Vessavaṇa also*Kuvera is identified as Vessavaṇa at DN 32:7.43.approached to ask about the teaching.You also answered him, O attentive one,and hearing you he too was consoled.

Rājāpi taṁ vessavaṇo kuvero, Upeti dhammaṁ paripucchamāno; Tassāpi tvaṁ pucchito brūsi dhīra, So cāpi sutvāna patītarūpo.

And King Kuvera Vessavaṇa also*Kuvera is identified as Vessavaṇa at DN 32:7.43.Rājāpi taṁ vessavaṇo kuvero, approached to ask about the teaching.Upeti dhammaṁ paripucchamāno; You also answered him, O attentive one,Tassāpi tvaṁ pucchito brūsi dhīra, and hearing you he too was consoled.So cāpi sutvāna patītarūpo.

Those monastics of other religions given to debate,*While titthiya is commonly found in the Vinaya, this is the only place it occurs in the suttas that is not part of a stock list including kings, etc., or compounded with añña- or nānā-.whether Ājīvakas or Jains,all fail to overtake you in wisdom,like a standing man next to a sprinter.

Ye kecime titthiyā vādasīlā, Ājīvakā vā yadi vā nigaṇṭhā; Paññāya taṁ nātitaranti sabbe, Ṭhito vajantaṁ viya sīghagāmiṁ.

Those monastics of other religions given to debate,*While titthiya is commonly found in the Vinaya, this is the only place it occurs in the suttas that is not part of a stock list including kings, etc., or compounded with añña- or nānā-.Ye kecime titthiyā vādasīlā, whether Ājīvakas or Jains,Ājīvakā vā yadi vā nigaṇṭhā; all fail to overtake you in wisdom,Paññāya taṁ nātitaranti sabbe, like a standing man next to a sprinter.Ṭhito vajantaṁ viya sīghagāmiṁ.

Those brahmins given to debate,some of whom are quite senior,all end up beholden to you for the meaning,and others too who think themselves debaters.

Ye kecime brāhmaṇā vādasīlā, Vuddhā cāpi brāhmaṇā santi keci; Sabbe tayi atthabaddhā bhavanti, Ye cāpi aññe vādino maññamānā.

Those brahmins given to debate,Ye kecime brāhmaṇā vādasīlā, some of whom are quite senior,Vuddhā cāpi brāhmaṇā santi keci; all end up beholden to you for the meaning,Sabbe tayi atthabaddhā bhavanti, and others too who think themselves debaters.Ye cāpi aññe vādino maññamānā.

So subtle and pleasant is the teachingthat is well proclaimed by you, Blessed One.It’s all we long to hear. So when asked,O Best of Buddhas, tell us!

Ayañhi dhammo nipuṇo sukho ca, Yoyaṁ tayā bhagavā suppavutto; Tameva sabbepi sussūsamānā, *sabbepi → sabbe (bj, pts-vp-pli1); sabbe mayaṁ (sya-all)Taṁ no vada pucchito buddhaseṭṭha.

So subtle and pleasant is the teachingAyañhi dhammo nipuṇo sukho ca, that is well proclaimed by you, Blessed One.Yoyaṁ tayā bhagavā suppavutto; It’s all we long to hear. So when asked,Tameva sabbepi sussūsamānā, *sabbepi → sabbe (bj, pts-vp-pli1); sabbe mayaṁ (sya-all)O Best of Buddhas, tell us!Taṁ no vada pucchito buddhaseṭṭha.

All these mendicants have gathered,and the layfolk too are here to listen.Let them hear the teaching <j>the immaculate one discovered,like gods listening to the fine words of Vāsava.”

Sabbepime bhikkhavo sannisinnā, Upāsakā cāpi tatheva sotuṁ; Suṇantu dhammaṁ vimalenānubuddhaṁ, Subhāsitaṁ vāsavasseva devā”.

All these mendicants have gathered,Sabbepime bhikkhavo sannisinnā, and the layfolk too are here to listen.Upāsakā cāpi tatheva sotuṁ; Let them hear the teaching <j>the immaculate one discovered,Suṇantu dhammaṁ vimalenānubuddhaṁ, like gods listening to the fine words of Vāsava.”Subhāsitaṁ vāsavasseva devā”.

“Listen to me, mendicants, I will educate youin the cleansing teaching; all bear it in mind.An intelligent person, seeing the meaning,*Atthadaso: Bodhi follows the commentary in “seeing the good”, Norman has “seeing the goal”. I usually have “seeing the meaning”, and I think that is supported here. It follows several lines talking about the teaching. A reflective person doesn’t just hear the teaching, but understands the point of it and puts it into practice.would adopt the deportment <j>proper to a renunciate.

“Suṇātha me bhikkhavo sāvayāmi vo, Dhammaṁ dhutaṁ tañca carātha sabbe; Iriyāpathaṁ pabbajitānulomikaṁ, Sevetha naṁ atthadaso mutīmā.

“Listen to me, mendicants, I will educate you“Suṇātha me bhikkhavo sāvayāmi vo, in the cleansing teaching; all bear it in mind.Dhammaṁ dhutaṁ tañca carātha sabbe; An intelligent person, seeing the meaning,*Atthadaso: Bodhi follows the commentary in “seeing the good”, Norman has “seeing the goal”. I usually have “seeing the meaning”, and I think that is supported here. It follows several lines talking about the teaching. A reflective person doesn’t just hear the teaching, but understands the point of it and puts it into practice.Iriyāpathaṁ pabbajitānulomikaṁ, would adopt the deportment <j>proper to a renunciate.Sevetha naṁ atthadaso mutīmā.

No way would a mendicant go out at the wrong time;at the right time, they’d walk the village for alms.For chains bind one who wanders at the wrong time,which is why the Buddhas avoid it.

No ve vikāle vicareyya bhikkhu, Gāme ca piṇḍāya careyya kāle; Akālacāriñhi sajanti saṅgā, Tasmā vikāle na caranti buddhā.

No way would a mendicant go out at the wrong time;No ve vikāle vicareyya bhikkhu, at the right time, they’d walk the village for alms.Gāme ca piṇḍāya careyya kāle; For chains bind one who wanders at the wrong time,Akālacāriñhi sajanti saṅgā, which is why the Buddhas avoid it.Tasmā vikāle na caranti buddhā.

Sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and touches,which drive beings mad—dispel desire for such things,and enter for the morning meal at the right time.

Rūpā ca saddā ca rasā ca gandhā, Phassā ca ye sammadayanti satte; Etesu dhammesu vineyya chandaṁ, Kālena so pavise pātarāsaṁ.

Sights, sounds, tastes, smells, and touches,Rūpā ca saddā ca rasā ca gandhā, which drive beings mad—Phassā ca ye sammadayanti satte; dispel desire for such things,Etesu dhammesu vineyya chandaṁ, and enter for the morning meal at the right time.Kālena so pavise pātarāsaṁ.

After receiving alms for the day,on returning a mendicant would sit in private alone.Inwardly reflective, they’d curb their mindfrom outside things, keeping themselves collected.

Piṇḍañca bhikkhu samayena laddhā, Eko paṭikkamma raho nisīde; Ajjhattacintī na mano bahiddhā, Nicchāraye saṅgahitattabhāvo.

After receiving alms for the day,Piṇḍañca bhikkhu samayena laddhā, on returning a mendicant would sit in private alone.Eko paṭikkamma raho nisīde; Inwardly reflective, they’d curb their mindAjjhattacintī na mano bahiddhā, from outside things, keeping themselves collected.Nicchāraye saṅgahitattabhāvo.

Should they converse with a disciple,with anyone else, or with a mendicant,they’d bring up only the sublime teaching,not dividing or blaming.

Sacepi so sallape sāvakena, Aññena vā kenaci bhikkhunā vā; Dhammaṁ paṇītaṁ tamudāhareyya, Na pesuṇaṁ nopi parūpavādaṁ.

Should they converse with a disciple,Sacepi so sallape sāvakena, with anyone else, or with a mendicant,Aññena vā kenaci bhikkhunā vā; they’d bring up only the sublime teaching,Dhammaṁ paṇītaṁ tamudāhareyya, not dividing or blaming.Na pesuṇaṁ nopi parūpavādaṁ.

For some contend in debate,but we praise not those of little wisdom.In place after place they are bound in chains,for they send their mind over there far away.

Vādañhi eke paṭiseniyanti, Na te pasaṁsāma parittapaññe; Tato tato ne pasajanti saṅgā, Cittañhi te tattha gamenti dūre.

For some contend in debate,Vādañhi eke paṭiseniyanti, but we praise not those of little wisdom.Na te pasaṁsāma parittapaññe; In place after place they are bound in chains,Tato tato ne pasajanti saṅgā, for they send their mind over there far away.Cittañhi te tattha gamenti dūre.

Alms, a dwelling, a bed and seat,and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak—after hearing the teaching of the Holy One,a disciple of outstanding wisdom would use these after appraisal.

Piṇḍaṁ vihāraṁ sayanāsanañca, Āpañca saṅghāṭirajūpavāhanaṁ; Sutvāna dhammaṁ sugatena desitaṁ, Saṅkhāya seve varapaññasāvako.

Alms, a dwelling, a bed and seat,Piṇḍaṁ vihāraṁ sayanāsanañca, and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak—Āpañca saṅghāṭirajūpavāhanaṁ; after hearing the teaching of the Holy One,Sutvāna dhammaṁ sugatena desitaṁ, a disciple of outstanding wisdom would use these after appraisal.Saṅkhāya seve varapaññasāvako.

That’s why, when it comes to alms and lodgings,and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak,a mendicant is unsullied in the midst of these things,like a droplet on a lotus-leaf.

Tasmā hi piṇḍe sayanāsane ca, Āpe ca saṅghāṭirajūpavāhane; Etesu dhammesu anūpalitto, Bhikkhu yathā pokkhare vāribindu.

That’s why, when it comes to alms and lodgings,Tasmā hi piṇḍe sayanāsane ca, and water for rinsing the dust from the cloak,Āpe ca saṅghāṭirajūpavāhane; a mendicant is unsullied in the midst of these things,Etesu dhammesu anūpalitto, like a droplet on a lotus-leaf.Bhikkhu yathā pokkhare vāribindu.

Now I shall tell you the householder’s duty,doing which one becomes a good disciple.For one burdened with possessions <j>does not get to realizethe whole of the mendicant’s practice.

Gahaṭṭhavattaṁ pana vo vadāmi, Yathākaro sāvako sādhu hoti; Na hesa labbhā sapariggahena, *Na hesa → na heso (si, pts-vp-pli1)Phassetuṁ yo kevalo bhikkhudhammo.

Now I shall tell you the householder’s duty,Gahaṭṭhavattaṁ pana vo vadāmi, doing which one becomes a good disciple.Yathākaro sāvako sādhu hoti; For one burdened with possessions <j>does not get to realizeNa hesa labbhā sapariggahena, *Na hesa → na heso (si, pts-vp-pli1)the whole of the mendicant’s practice.Phassetuṁ yo kevalo bhikkhudhammo.

They’d not kill any creature, nor have them killed,nor grant permission for others to kill.They’ve laid aside violence towards all creaturesfrail or firm that there are in the world.

Pāṇaṁ na hane na ca ghātayeyya, *na hane → na hāne (bj)Na cānujaññā hanataṁ paresaṁ; Sabbesu bhūtesu nidhāya daṇḍaṁ, Ye thāvarā ye ca tasā santi loke. *tasā santi → tasanti (si, pts-vp-pli1)

They’d not kill any creature, nor have them killed,Pāṇaṁ na hane na ca ghātayeyya, *na hane → na hāne (bj)nor grant permission for others to kill.Na cānujaññā hanataṁ paresaṁ; They’ve laid aside violence towards all creaturesSabbesu bhūtesu nidhāya daṇḍaṁ, frail or firm that there are in the world.Ye thāvarā ye ca tasā santi loke. *tasā santi → tasanti (si, pts-vp-pli1)

Next, a disciple would avoid knowinglytaking anything not given at all,they’d not get others to do it, <j>nor grant them permission to steal;they’d avoid <em>all</em> theft.

Tato adinnaṁ parivajjayeyya, Kiñci kvaci sāvako bujjhamāno; Na hāraye harataṁ nānujaññā, Sabbaṁ adinnaṁ parivajjayeyya.

Next, a disciple would avoid knowinglyTato adinnaṁ parivajjayeyya, taking anything not given at all,Kiñci kvaci sāvako bujjhamāno; they’d not get others to do it, <j>nor grant them permission to steal;Na hāraye harataṁ nānujaññā, they’d avoid <em>all</em> theft.Sabbaṁ adinnaṁ parivajjayeyya.

A sensible person would avoid the unchaste life,like a burning pit of coals.But if unable to remain chaste,they’d not transgress with another’s partner.

Abrahmacariyaṁ parivajjayeyya, Aṅgārakāsuṁ jalitaṁva viññū; Asambhuṇanto pana brahmacariyaṁ, Parassa dāraṁ na atikkameyya.

A sensible person would avoid the unchaste life,Abrahmacariyaṁ parivajjayeyya, like a burning pit of coals.Aṅgārakāsuṁ jalitaṁva viññū; But if unable to remain chaste,Asambhuṇanto pana brahmacariyaṁ, they’d not transgress with another’s partner.Parassa dāraṁ na atikkameyya.

In a council or assembly,or one on one, they would not lie.They’d not get others to lie, <j>nor grant them permission to lie;they’d avoid <em>all</em> untruths.

Sabhaggato vā parisaggato vā, Ekassa veko na musā bhaṇeyya; *veko → ceko (bj, sya-all)Na bhāṇaye bhaṇataṁ nānujaññā, Sabbaṁ abhūtaṁ parivajjayeyya.

In a council or assembly,Sabhaggato vā parisaggato vā, or one on one, they would not lie.Ekassa veko na musā bhaṇeyya; *veko → ceko (bj, sya-all)They’d not get others to lie, <j>nor grant them permission to lie;Na bhāṇaye bhaṇataṁ nānujaññā, they’d avoid <em>all</em> untruths.Sabbaṁ abhūtaṁ parivajjayeyya.

A householder espousing this teachingwould not consume liquor or drink.They’d not get others to drink, <j>nor grant them permission to drink;knowing that ends in intoxication.

Majjañca pānaṁ na samācareyya, Dhammaṁ imaṁ rocaye yo gahaṭṭho; Na pāyaye pivataṁ nānujaññā, Ummādanantaṁ iti naṁ viditvā.

A householder espousing this teachingMajjañca pānaṁ na samācareyya, would not consume liquor or drink.Dhammaṁ imaṁ rocaye yo gahaṭṭho; They’d not get others to drink, <j>nor grant them permission to drink;Na pāyaye pivataṁ nānujaññā, knowing that ends in intoxication.Ummādanantaṁ iti naṁ viditvā.

For drunken fools do bad things,and encourage other heedless folk.Shun this field of demerit,the maddening, deluding frolic of fools.

Madā hi pāpāni karonti bālā, Kārenti caññepi jane pamatte; Etaṁ apuññāyatanaṁ vivajjaye, Ummādanaṁ mohanaṁ bālakantaṁ.

For drunken fools do bad things,Madā hi pāpāni karonti bālā, and encourage other heedless folk.Kārenti caññepi jane pamatte; Shun this field of demerit,Etaṁ apuññāyatanaṁ vivajjaye, the maddening, deluding frolic of fools.Ummādanaṁ mohanaṁ bālakantaṁ.

You shouldn’t kill living creatures, or steal,or lie, or drink liquor.Be chaste, refraining from sex,and don’t eat at night, the wrong time.

Pāṇaṁ na hane na cādinnamādiye, Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā; Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā, Rattiṁ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṁ.

You shouldn’t kill living creatures, or steal,Pāṇaṁ na hane na cādinnamādiye, or lie, or drink liquor.Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā; Be chaste, refraining from sex,Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā, and don’t eat at night, the wrong time.Rattiṁ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṁ.

Not wearing garlands or applying fragrance,you should sleep on a low bed, <j>or a mat on the ground.This is the eight-factored sabbath, they say,explained by the Buddha, <j>who has gone to suffering’s end.

Mālaṁ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare, Mañce chamāyaṁ va sayetha santhate; Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṁ, Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṁ.

Not wearing garlands or applying fragrance,Mālaṁ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare, you should sleep on a low bed, <j>or a mat on the ground.Mañce chamāyaṁ va sayetha santhate; This is the eight-factored sabbath, they say,Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṁ, explained by the Buddha, <j>who has gone to suffering’s end.Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṁ.

Then having rightly undertaken the sabbathcomplete in all its eight factorson the fourteenth, fifteenth, <j>and eighth of the fortnight,as well as on the fortnightly special displays,

Tato ca pakkhassupavassuposathaṁ, Cātuddasiṁ pañcadasiñca aṭṭhamiṁ; Pāṭihāriyapakkhañca pasannamānaso, Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṁ susamattarūpaṁ.

Then having rightly undertaken the sabbathTato ca pakkhassupavassuposathaṁ, complete in all its eight factorsCātuddasiṁ pañcadasiñca aṭṭhamiṁ; on the fourteenth, fifteenth, <j>and eighth of the fortnight,Pāṭihāriyapakkhañca pasannamānaso, as well as on the fortnightly special displays,Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṁ susamattarūpaṁ.

at daybreak after the sabbatha clever person, rejoicing with confident heart,would distribute food and drinkto the mendicant SaṅghaSaṅghaEste término denota tanto: la «comunidad monástica» (comunidades de monjes y monjas budistas) en quienes los seguidores laicos toman refugio; como aquellos seguidores del Buddha, laicos u ordenados, que han alcanzado al menos la entrada en la corriente (ver sotāpanna), el primero de los senderos transcendentes (ver magga) que culmina en nibbāna. Recientemente en EE.UU., el término «sangha» se ha transformado para significar el sentido más amplio de «comunidad de seguidores en el sendero budista», aunque este uso no tiene base en el canon pali. El término parisā se usa en este sentido más amplio en los textos tempranos.Ver en el glosario as is fitting.

Tato ca pāto upavutthuposatho, Annena pānena ca bhikkhusaṅghaṁ; Pasannacitto anumodamāno, Yathārahaṁ saṁvibhajetha viññū.

at daybreak after the sabbathTato ca pāto upavutthuposatho, a clever person, rejoicing with confident heart,Annena pānena ca bhikkhusaṅghaṁ; would distribute food and drinkPasannacitto anumodamāno, to the mendicant Saṅgha as is fitting.Yathārahaṁ saṁvibhajetha viññū.

One should rightfully support one’s parents,and undertake a legitimate business.A diligent layperson observing these dutiesascends to the gods called Self-luminous.”

Dhammena mātāpitaro bhareyya, Payojaye dhammikaṁ so vaṇijjaṁ; Etaṁ gihī vattayamappamatto, Sayampabhe nāma upeti deve”ti.

One should rightfully support one’s parents,Dhammena mātāpitaro bhareyya, and undertake a legitimate business.Payojaye dhammikaṁ so vaṇijjaṁ; A diligent layperson observing these dutiesEtaṁ gihī vattayamappamatto, ascends to the gods called Self-luminous.”Sayampabhe nāma upeti deve”ti.